ABSTRACT
Regional capitals are an important category of cities in the South of European Russia, where more than a quarter (25.6 %) of the population of the macroregion lives and a significant demographic potential of the region is concentrated. The south of European Russia includes regions with natural population growth which are rare for modern Russia, regions and capitals with high rates of migration growth, as well as territories with an unfavorable demographic situation. To study territories with such a differentiated multidimensional demographic situation, geoinformation technologies were used to consolidate statistical data from various sources, conduct spatial analysis, model and visualize the processes under study. The realization of this request is possible with the use of atlas information systems (AIS), which are actively used in various subject areas, including the study of socio-economic and demographic processes. As part of the research, we have developed an atlas information system "Regional Capitals of the South of European Russia”, consisting of 2 main blocks: a structural block includes a basic GIS platform, a cartographic framework, a geodata database and a modeling and visualization unit responsible for the preparation of cartographic and visual models. AIS contains 6 thematic sections: ethnodemographic and migration processes ("Population size”, "Demographic indicators”, "Migration indicators”, "Ethnic structure of the population”), "Covid-19” (contains indicators for the sick, deceased, cured of coronavirus infection, natural population growth), "Big Data (Big Data)” consolidating indicators on the real estate market and the urban environment quality index as important factors in the formation of the demographic and migration situation. This makes it possible to conduct modeling, thematic mapping, creation of various visual plots for comprehensive complex spatial analysis. It allows to increase the level of analytics in the process of making economically determined management decisions in the regional capitals of Southern European Russia. Additionally, the possibility of integrating AIS with Web services is described. © 2022 Lomonosov Moscow State University. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
In the article, based on the statistical data of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, a spatial analysis of modern student immigration in Russia is carried out at different territorial levels: subregions and countries of the world, federal districts and constituent entities of the Russian Federation. One of the most effective ways to study these processes is their mapping using geoinformation tools. A series of thematic maps has been constructed that reflect the territorial features of student international migration in Russia based on the principle of multi-scale. At each territorial level, maps were built for 2016 and 2021. three ways: quantitative background, dot and map charts. The main trend of recent years is the growth of student immigration in Russia, which has a beneficial effect on the sustainability of the demographic development of the state. The positive dynamics of international student flows in Russia was interrupted only in the first year of the covid-19 pandemic. The former countries of the Soviet Union, as well as non-CIS countries located in Asia and Africa, play a dominant role for Russia in terms of the exit of foreign students. The latest trend in student immigration flows in Russia is the declining role of Western countries. The geography of international student migration in Russia is characterized by significant territorial differentiation. A significant part of the flow of foreign students is concentrated in the capital universities of Russia (Moscow, St. Petersburg), as well as in Tatarstan. In Asian Russia, the leadership in the admission of foreign students belongs to the Novosibirsk, Tomsk and Omsk regions. The main trend of recent years is an increase in the concentration of foreign students in many regional centers of Russia, which will increase the impact of student immigration on the sustainability of the demographic development of Russia's provincial regions. © 2022 Lomonosov Moscow State University. All rights reserved.